Along the way, the project absorbed its earlier British counterpart, Tube Alloys. The Army component of the project was designated the Manhattan District as its first headquarters were in Manhattan the placename gradually superseded the official codename, Development of Substitute Materials, for the entire project. Nuclear physicist Robert Oppenheimer was the director of the Los Alamos Laboratory that designed the actual bombs.
From 1942 to 1946, the project was under the direction of Major General Leslie Groves of the U.S. It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada. The Manhattan Project was a research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons.
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